REVIEW: Royal International Air Tattoo 2024
For over half a century, the Royal International Air Tattoo has reigned as the world’s premier aviation showcase, and in 2024, it once again elevated its legacy to new heights. Held at RAF Fairford from July 19 to 21, this year’s event transcended the traditional airshow format, blossoming into a vibrant festival that captivated a sell-out crowd of 150,000 across three unforgettable days. With nearly 20 hours of breathtaking flying displays, an eclectic mix of static aircraft, and a host of family-oriented attractions, RIAT 2024 offered something for everyone—from the most ardent aviation enthusiasts to families seeking a thrilling day out. Blessed with far kinder weather than the turbulent conditions of 2023, the event unfolded under a canopy of sunshine and occasional clouds, amplifying the spectacle of 248 aircraft from nearly 30 nations and marking the debut of Serbia as the 58th participating nation.
The atmosphere at Fairford was electric, fueled by the diversity of the displays and the celebration of significant milestones, including the 75th anniversary of NATO, the 50th anniversary of the F-16 Fighting Falcon, and the 100th anniversary of the Royal Canadian Air Force. Friday’s balmy 30°C heat set the stage for a glorious opening, while Saturday’s cooler 23°C and light rain did little to dampen spirits, and Sunday’s comfortable 22°C with sunny intervals provided a perfect finale. Yet, beyond the aerial splendor, RIAT faced its share of terrestrial challenges—traffic congestion tested patience, and soaring hotel costs in nearby Swindon and Cirencester prompted reflection among attendees. Nevertheless, the organizers’ deft handling of security enhancements and entry processes, inspired by the looming shadow of Martyn’s Law, ensured a seamless experience that reaffirmed RIAT’s status as an aviation pinnacle.
75th Anniversary of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
The 75th anniversary of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) was celebrated with a breathtaking showcase at the Royal International Air Tattoo (RIAT) 2024, bringing together an extraordinary fleet of aircraft that highlighted the alliance’s strength, diversity, and unity. From agile fighter jets slicing through the skies to robust transport planes and nimble helicopters, the event painted a vivid picture of NATO’s collective air power and its collaborative spirit. A thrilling highlight was the last-minute arrival of the Portuguese Air Force’s Embraer KC-390 Millennium from Esquadra 506 "Rinocerontes." Stationed at Beja Air Base, this modern transport aircraft made its RIAT debut after an initial cancellation, delighting aviation fans and symbolizing Portugal’s rising role in NATO with its sleek design and versatile capabilities.
The Royal Air Force (RAF), as the proud host, rolled out an impressive lineup adorned with the NATO 75 theme: the Airbus Atlas C.1 from 70 Squadron, BAE Systems Typhoon FGR.4 from II(AC) Squadron, Lockheed Martin F-35B Lightning II from 207 Squadron, Airbus Helicopters Juno HT.1 and Jupiter HT.1 from 1 Flying Training School, Airbus Voyager KC.2 from 10 Squadron, BAE Systems Hawk T.2 and Beechcraft Texan T.1 from 4 Flying Training School, Boeing C-17 Globemaster from 99 Squadron, Boeing Chinook HC.6 from 18 Squadron, Boeing RC-135W Rivet Joint from 51 Squadron, Embraer Phenom T.1 and Grob Prefect T.1 from 3 Flying Training School, and Grob Tutor T.1 from Oxford University Air Squadron. NATO itself added to the spectacle with the Boeing C-17A Globemaster III from the Heavy Airlift Wing and the Boeing E-3A Sentry from the NATO Airborne Early Warning & Control Force. Aircraft from member nations like Belgium, France, Germany, and the United States joined the ranks, weaving a rich tapestry of NATO’s shared heritage and purpose.
At the forefront were the fighter jets, embodying NATO’s dominance in the air. Norway’s Lockheed Martin F-35A Lightning II from 332 Skvadron and its U.S. counterpart from the 48th Fighter Wing showcased cutting-edge stealth technology, while Germany’s Eurofighter EF2000 from TLG 74 and the RAF’s Typhoon stood as triumphs of European innovation. Legacy icons like Greece’s McDonnell Douglas F-4E Phantom II from 338 Mira and Turkey’s from 111 Filo roared with echoes of history, joined by France’s elegant Dassault Mirage 2000-5 from Escadron de Chasse 1/2 Cigognes. The Czech Air Force brought the Aero Vodochody L-159 ALCA from 212 Tacticka Letka and SAAB JAS-39C Gripen from 211 Tacticka Letka, complemented by Sweden’s SAAB JAS-39C and JAS-39D Gripen from F21 Luleå. Finland’s McDonnell Douglas F/A-18C Hornet from HävLLv 11, Italy’s Panavia A-200A Tornado from 6 Stormo and Spain’s Northrop SF-5M Freedom Fighter from Ala 23 added flair, while the U.S. flexed muscle with McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagles from the 48th Fighter Wing, Lockheed Martin F-16C Fighting Falcon from the 480th Fighter Squadron, and the legendary Boeing B-52H Stratofortress from the 20th Bomb Squadron, blending power with Cold War legacy. A civilian gem, the Hawker Hunter F.58 from Hawker Hunter Aviation, rounded out the display.
Behind the fighters, transport and tanker aircraft formed the logistical lifeline of NATO’s operations. Germany’s Airbus A400M from LTG 62 and the Boeing C-17A Globemaster III from the U.S. 701st Airlift Squadron and NATO demonstrated unmatched airlift capacity. Tankers like the U.S.’s Boeing KC-135R Stratotanker from the 100th Air Refueling Wing, Boeing KC-46A Pegasus from the 108th Wing / New Jersey Air National Guard, and McDonnell Douglas KC-10A Extender from the 79th Air Refueling Squadron, alongside the RAF’s Voyager, extended NATO’s global reach. Norway’s Lockheed Martin C-130J Hercules from 335 Skvadron, Romania’s Leonardo C-27J Spartan from Escadrila 902, Slovakia’s Leonardo C-27J Spartan from Dopravná Letka, and Slovenia’s from 152 Letalska Eskadrilja bolstered logistics. Germany’s Airbus A319 OH from FBS BMVg and the U.S.’s Learjet C-21A from the 76th Airlift Squadron handled lighter transport duties, while the visitor Piaggio P.180AM Avanti from Reparto Sperimentale di Volo added versatility. The U.S.’s Lockheed Martin MC-130J Commando II from the 352nd Special Operations Wing highlighted special operations support.
Helicopters brought rotary-wing agility to the mix. The Army Air Corps’ Boeing Apache AH.2 from 3 Regiment, Germany’s Sikorsky CH-53G from HSG 64, the German Army’s NH90 TTH from TrspHubschrRgt 10, the Netherlands’ NH90 NFH from 860 Squadron, and Lithuania’s Mil Mi-8T Hip from Sraigtasparniu Eskadrilé offered combat and mobility support. The Royal Navy’s Leonardo Merlin HM.2 from 820 Naval Air Squadron and Leonardo Wildcat HMA.2 from 815 Naval Air Squadron strengthened maritime roles, while Norway’s Leonardo AW101 SAR Queen from 330 Skvadron showcased search and rescue prowess.
The future and past of NATO aviation shone through training and historic aircraft. The RAF’s Hawk T.2, Texan T.1, Phenom T.1, Prefect T.1, Tutor T.1, Juno HT.1, and Jupiter HT.1, alongside Norway’s Saab MFI-15 Safari from Luftforsvarets Flygeskolen and Slovenia’s Pilatus PC-9M Hudournik from 152 Letalska Eskadrilja, highlighted pilot training excellence. Finland’s British Aerospace Hawk Mk.51 from the Midnight Hawks Display Team dazzled with its aerobatics. Historic treasures like the civilian Bréguet 1050 Alizé from Alizé Marine, Dassault Falcon 20 from Draken Europe, and Douglas A-4N Skyhawk from Top Aces, plus the Finnish Valmet L-70 Vinka—a tribute to the late Perttu Karivalo, a beloved airshow figure lost in October 2023—connected NATO’s legacy to its present.
Specialized aircraft capped the display with cutting-edge capabilities. The U.S.’s Boeing RC-135V Rivet Joint from the 95th Reconnaissance Squadron and Lockheed U-2 from the 99th Expeditionary Reconnaissance Squadron delivered intelligence and high-altitude surveillance, while Germany’s Panavia Tornado ECR from TLG 51 provided electronic warfare expertise.
This vibrant blend of innovation, history, and tribute at RIAT 2024 celebrated 75 years of NATO’s unity and resilience, showcasing the alliance’s unwavering commitment to collective defense and cooperation.
50th Anniversary of the F-16 Fighting Falcon
The 50th anniversary of the F-16 Fighting Falcon was a centerpiece of RIAT 2024, celebrated with a stunning ‘Viper Line’ in the static display that brought together an impressive array of aircraft from around the globe. This lineup showcased the F-16’s enduring versatility and international presence, uniting nations in a tribute to its five-decade legacy. From Europe to the Middle East and beyond, the display highlighted both operational aircraft and a special commemorative piece, setting the stage for a memorable event.
European air forces made a strong showing in the ‘Viper Line,’ reflecting the continent’s deep ties to the F-16. Belgium kicked off the lineup with a Lockheed Martin F-16AM from the 10th Tactical Wing, while the Royal Danish Air Force presented a rare two-seat Lockheed Martin F-16BM from Eskadrille 727. Greece’s Hellenic Air Force contributed a Lockheed Martin F-16C and an F-16D from 336 Mira, the latter featuring striking new tail art. The Royal Netherlands Air Force marked a bittersweet farewell to the type with four Lockheed Martin F-16AMs from 312 Squadron, and Romania rounded out the European contingent with two Lockheed Martin F-16AMs from Escadrila 53, showcasing Eastern Europe’s adoption of the Viper.
The Middle East added its own flair to the display, with the Royal Jordanian Air Force making an impressive RIAT debut with an F-16AM and F-16BM from 1 Squadron. Morocco’s Royal Moroccan Air Force dazzled spectators with a Lockheed Martin F-16C and F-16D from 6 BAFRA, their sand camouflage a standout feature in the lineup. Adding a unique touch, a non-airworthy F-16AM from Historical Fighters Volkel arrived by road, adorned in a special 50th anniversary scheme that paid homage to the aircraft’s storied history and enhanced the celebratory atmosphere of the event.
Completing the ‘Viper Line,’ the U.S. Air Force showcased two Lockheed Martin F-16Cs from the 480th Fighter Squadron, their legendary agility a testament to the aircraft’s iconic design. This diverse and powerful display not only marked the F-16’s 50 years of service but also echoed the grand single-type showcases of RIAT’s past. Bringing together nations and variants in a unified tribute, the ‘Viper Line’ served as a fitting celebration of the F-16 Fighting Falcon’s remarkable and enduring legacy.
Pushing the Boundaries
The "Pushing the Boundaries" theme brought together an impressive array of aircraft, highlighting innovation and extreme operations in aviation. QinetiQ led the charge with several standout platforms, including the Airbus Helicopters H125, which tested cutting-edge rotary-wing technologies, and the Agusta A109, adding further helicopter expertise to the lineup. Their British Aerospace Avro RJ100 served as a testbed for avionics advancements, emphasizing the critical role of electronic systems in modern flight. Rounding out QinetiQ’s contributions, the Leonardo AW139 explored advanced helicopter systems within a sleek design, seamlessly blending performance and innovation to push the limits of rotary-wing capabilities.
Training the next generation of pilots emerged as a key focus, with multiple aircraft dedicated to revolutionizing instructional methods. QinetiQ’s Grob G120TP offered insights into next-generation training platforms, while their Pilatus PC-21 showcased state-of-the-art capabilities for pilot education. The RAF joined this effort with the BAE Systems Typhoon T.3 from 41 Squadron, representing the forefront of combat aircraft development and training. Meanwhile, the Tecnam P2006T from the RAF Rapid Capabilities Office hinted at future lightweight training solutions, blending efficiency with modern design to prepare pilots for evolving challenges.
Scientific research and operations in extreme conditions took centre stage with aircraft designed to push boundaries in unique ways. The BAe 146-301ARA from FAAM conducted precise atmospheric research, delivering critical environmental data, while Cranfield University’s SAAB 340B, the National Airborne Laboratory, advanced airborne research capabilities. For extreme environments, the British Antarctic Survey’s de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter, equipped with skis, thrived in polar extremes, showcasing resilience in harsh climates. The Royal Canadian Air Force’s Bell CH-146 Griffon from the Aerospace Engineering Test Establishment demonstrated versatility, bridging testing and operational themes with adaptability in challenging scenarios.
International contributions enriched the event, with nations presenting aircraft that exemplified innovation and forward-thinking design. Germany’s Panavia Tornado IDS from WTD 61, adorned with a 50th anniversary scheme for the MRCA, celebrated historical milestones while pushing performance limits. Italy’s Reparto Sperimentale di Volo showcased a trio of advanced platforms: the Eurofighter F-2000A Typhoon tested fighter performance boundaries, the Leonardo C-27J Spartan explored tactical transport innovations, and the Leonardo T-346A Master advanced jet training concepts. Looking ahead, two Pipistrel Velis Electro aircraft from NEBOair pioneered the future of electric flight training, signaling a sustainable shift in aviation technology and reinforcing the event’s commitment to pushing boundaries across all facets of flight.
While these aircraft look to the future, other participants highlighted the importance of aviation's past in shaping that future. The Westland Gazelle HT2 from Gazelle Squadron and the Auster J/5F Aiglet Trainer from AKS Aviation demonstrated how classic designs continue to push boundaries by engaging the public and providing unique educational experiences that bridge the gap between history and innovation.
100th Anniversary of the Royal Canadian Air Force
The Royal Canadian Air Force’s centenary took centre stage at the Royal International Air Tattoo (RIAT) 2024, celebrating 100 years of aviation excellence. This milestone event brought together a stunning array of aircraft, blending the RCAF’s modern capabilities with echoes of its storied past. From cutting-edge transport planes to historical treasures, the static display offered a captivating tribute to Canada’s aerial legacy.
Leading the modern lineup was the Airbus CC-150T Polaris from 437 Transport Squadron, a versatile workhorse vital for air-to-air refuelling and strategic transport. Nearby, the Boeing CC-177 Globemaster from 429 Transport Squadron stood as a symbol of Canada’s global reach, its massive frame showcasing strategic airlift prowess. Making its debut, the Airbus CC-295 Kingfisher from 442 Transport and Rescue Squadron dazzled in vivid yellow and red, embodying its critical role in search and rescue missions. Rounding out the display, the Lockheed Martin CC-130J Hercules from 436 Transport Squadron added rugged tactical airlift strength, highlighting the RCAF’s diverse operational fleet.
The celebration reached back in time with two historical aircraft honouring the RCAF’s roots. The Shuttleworth Collection’s de Havilland Canada Chipmunk Mk22, resplendent in RCAF trainer yellow, evoked the post-war era of pilot training with its gleaming finish. Complementing this, Norway’s Historical Squadron presented a de Havilland Vampire FB.52, specially adorned with RCAF markings for RIAT, a nod to the international ties woven into Canada’s aviation history.
Together, these aircraft wove a seamless narrative of the Royal Canadian Air Force’s 100-year journey at RIAT 2024. From the modern might of the Polaris, Globemaster, Kingfisher, and Hercules to the nostalgic charm of the Chipmunk and Vampire, the display bridged past and present. It not only honored a century of service but also showcased Canada’s enduring commitment to innovation and excellence in the skies, captivating an international audience with its aerial heritage.
Overlord 80th Anniversary
Marking 80 years since D-Day, the Overlord theme seamlessly blended history and tribute by featuring two iconic aircraft: Aero Legends’ Douglas C-47B Dakota, which paid homage to RAF Down Ampney’s significant role in the invasion, and a Piper L-4 Grasshopper from a private owner, which vividly evoked the daring reconnaissance scouts of Normandy.
Support Aircraft
Across various nations, a diverse array of military aircraft played essential roles in supporting their contingents during RIAT. These aircraft, ranging from logistical workhorses to specialized support platforms, ensured that fighter jets and personnel were ready to perform. Among them, the Lockheed C-130H Hercules stood out for its widespread use, while others like the Airbus A400M and CASA models provided critical assistance, and unique platforms offered refuelling and VIP transport capabilities.
Several nations relied on the versatile Lockheed C-130H Hercules to provide robust logistical support. The Royal Moroccan Air Force’s C-130H from Escadre de Transport aided its F-16s, ensuring they were equipped and ready. Similarly, the Royal Saudi Air Force’s C-130H from 16 Squadron supported the Saudi Hawks, delivering necessary supplies and equipment. Sweden’s Tp.84 Hercules from Tpflygskv ensured logistical continuity for its contingent, maintaining a steady flow of resources. Meanwhile, the Hellenic Air Force’s C-130H from 356 Squadron supported its F-16s and Phantoms.
Other nations deployed a variety of aircraft to fulfil similar logistical roles, showcasing their capabilities alongside their fighter contingents. Finland’s CASA C-295 from TukiLLv / 1 Flight supported its nation’s contingent, handling transportation and supply tasks with efficiency. France’s Air & Space Force utilized a CASA CN-235 to support its Mirage 2000. Turkish Airbus A400M Atlas supported its F-16s and F-4s, providing essential logistical backing to ensure their performance.
In addition to logistical support, specialized aircraft enhanced the event’s operations. The Turkish Air Force’s Boeing KC-135R Stratotanker from 101 Filo provided aerial refuelling for the Turkish F-16s and F-4s, extending their range and allowing them to fly nonstop from Turkey to the UK. Meanwhile, the Spanish Navy’s Cessna Citation II from Escuadrilla 4 supported the two Harriers at the show. In addition to the aircraft supporting various jets, Historic Helicopters’ Westland Lynx AH.7 was also utilized as the photo platform for photographers.
Static Aircraft (Not Part of Any Theme)
Beyond the themed displays at the Royal International Air Tattoo (RIAT) 2024, a diverse selection of aircraft graced the static park, representing military might and civilian innovation from across the globe. The military lineup featured standout performers free of thematic labels, starting with the Irish Air Corps’ Airbus C-295 MSA from 101 Squadron, which debuted its maritime surveillance capabilities. Alongside it, the Eurocopter EC135 from 302 Squadron offered a training helicopter presence. Jordan’s Lockheed C-130H Hercules from 3 Squadron stood tall as a rugged transport veteran, while Qatar showcased a trio of aircraft: the BAE Systems Hawk Mk.167 from the 11th Squadron, gleaming with Middle Eastern elegance; the Boeing C-17A Globemaster III from the 10th Squadron, a titan of global airlift; and the NH90 NFH from the 8th Squadron, adding a naval helicopter flair. Saudi Airbus A330 MRTT from 24 Squadron brought multi-role tanker and transport versatility, and the Boeing F-15SA Eagle from 6 Squadron asserted itself as a strike force icon, and Serbia marked its RIAT debut with the Airbus C295MW from 138 Transportna Avijacijcka Eskadrila, emphasizing the event’s international reach.
The civilian static display kicked off with an array of light and training aircraft, each contributing to the aviation tapestry. The Aerosport Ikarus C42 from the RAF Microlight Flying Association highlighted the accessibility of microlight flying, while the American General AG-5B Tiger, owned privately, added a classic light aircraft charm. The Cessna T-41A Mescalero from AKS Aviation brought a slice of U.S. training heritage, and the Evektor EV-97 Eurostar, also from the RAF Microlight Flying Association, reinforced the microlight theme. Grob Aircraft’s Grob 120TP stood as a modern training platform for aspiring pilots, complemented by the Reims-Cessna F152 from Halton Aero Club, an enduring staple in flight schools. The Slingsby T66 Nipper from Aerial Vocations Limited charmed with its petite, vintage design, and the Tecnam P2008JC from RAF Waddington Flying Club showcased contemporary training technology, rounding out a segment that celebrated aviation’s grassroots.
In the business and corporate aviation sphere, the static park featured aircraft blending luxury with utility. Textron Aviation’s Beechcraft King Air B300 exuded corporate aviation flair, while Metrea ISR’s Beechcraft King Air B350, making its RIAT debut, boasted intelligence-gathering capabilities atop its sleek frame. The privately owned Cirrus SR22T Platinum highlighted modern general aviation with its cutting-edge avionics. Gulfstream’s G700 redefined high-end travel, towering as a pinnacle of luxury jets. Pilatus Aircraft Ltd contributed two Swiss-crafted gems: the PC-24, a versatile jet capable of short-field operations, and the PC-7 MKX, a training aircraft with precision engineering. Uni-Fly’s Leonardo AW169 added a touch of civilian helicopter sophistication, bridging rotary-wing technology with corporate appeal, making this group a showcase of aviation’s upscale versatility.
The static display’s historic and special interest aircraft brought nostalgia and rarity to RIAT 2024. The Conair Turbo Firecat, presented by Amicale Alençonnaise des Avions Anciens, debuted in civilian hands, its firefighting legacy a nod to aviation’s unsung heroes. Flying Legends GmbH delivered two WWII icons: the North American P-51D Mustang, its roar echoing history, and the Vought F4U-5NL Corsair, a naval fighter legend with distinctive gull wings.
Flying Displays
The Royal International Air Tattoo (RIAT) 2024 at RAF Fairford unfolded as an extraordinary celebration of aviation, transforming the Gloucestershire skies into a vibrant canvas of skill, power, and international camaraderie. This year’s event was a feast for the senses, blending the precision of formation flying with the raw energy of solo performances, all set against a backdrop of historic anniversaries and rare aerial displays.
The festivities kicked off on Friday’s preview day under a canopy of glorious sunshine, setting an optimistic tone for the spectacle ahead. Leading the charge were the RAF Falcons Parachute Display Team, who made a dramatic entrance by leaping from a 99 Squadron C-17A Globemaster III. This marked a historic moment, as it was the first time the Falcons had jumped from this aircraft at a public air display, and their return to RIAT after years of absence added a layer of local pride to the proceedings. As the parachutists descended with pinpoint accuracy, the Globemaster itself stole the spotlight with a graceful low and slow pass along the runway, its massive frame gliding effortlessly before touching down to join the static lineup. The crowd’s enthusiastic response signalled that the airshow had well and truly begun.
Hot on the heels of this opening act, the Red Arrows soared into view, their iconic red Hawk jets slicing through the sky in celebration of their 60th display season. Across all three days, the team delivered a masterclass in precision, their signature diamond-nine formation a dazzling display of synchronicity that left spectators in awe. Their presence was a constant thread throughout the weekend, weaving in and out of special flypasts that honoured various milestones, making them a cornerstone of RIAT 2024’s narrative.
The Royal Air Force brought an impressive array of talent and machinery to the flying program, showcasing the breadth of its capabilities. Flt Lt David Turnbull, at the controls of a Typhoon FGR.4 from 29 Squadron, unleashed a performance that reverberated through the Cotswolds. The jet’s thunderous roar accompanied a series of agile manoeuvres, highlighting its dominance as a frontline fighter and leaving no doubt about its place in the RAF’s arsenal.
Not to be outdone, the Boeing Chinook HC.6 from 18 Squadron took centre stage on Saturday and Sunday with a role demonstration that underscored its operational versatility. The helicopter’s robust frame danced through the sky, simulating real-world scenarios that showcased its ability to adapt to diverse missions, from troop transport to heavy lifting, much to the delight of onlookers.
Yet, it was the Lockheed Martin F-35B Lightning II from 207 Squadron that emerged as the RAF’s crown jewel. This year, a new role demo was introduced to the display circuit, offering a window into the strike fighter’s formidable capabilities. While not a full aerobatic routine, the performance was a gripping showcase of power and finesse, culminating in a breathtaking high-alpha pass. As the aircraft slowed to a near-hover, its tailplanes visibly adjusted to maintain stability, a subtle yet striking testament to its cutting-edge engineering that captivated aviation enthusiasts and casual viewers alike.
The Royal Navy made a triumphant return to RIAT’s flying lineup with the Black Cats Helicopter Display Team, piloting a pair of Leonardo Wildcat HMA.2s from 825 Naval Air Squadron. After years of operational challenges and crew shortages, their reappearance was a welcome sight, and they wasted no time proving their worth. The duo executed a series of heart-stopping manoeuvres, including dramatic crossing nose-overs and the timeless carousel, where the helicopters orbited each other with balletic grace. Their efforts were justly rewarded with The Steedman Display Sword, an accolade recognizing their standout contribution to British aviation at the show—a fitting tribute to their skill and perseverance.
Friday’s schedule stood apart from the weekend with a selection of exclusive displays that added a special flavour to the event. Among them was a rare appearance by Embraer’s KC-390 Millennium demonstrator, a Brazilian marvel that showcased its short-field agility with a nimble performance. The aircraft’s ability to manoeuvre with such ease underscored its potential as a next-generation transport, leaving a lasting impression on those fortunate enough to witness this one-off spectacle.
The centrepiece of Friday’s program was a majestic flypast commemorating the 70th anniversary of NATO, a display that embodied the alliance’s unity and strength. Leading the charge was an RAF Boeing RC-135W Rivet Joint from 51 Squadron, guiding a multinational flotilla of aircraft through the skies. The formation was a veritable who’s-who of NATO air forces, each contributing its own flair to the tribute. The Czech Air Force’s SAAB JAS-39C Gripen from 211 Tacticka Letka brought a sleek, modern edge, while France’s Dassault Mirage 2000-5F from Escadron de Chasse 1/2 Cigognes added a touch of Gallic sophistication. Italy’s Panavia A-200A Tornado from 6 Stormo roared with authority, and Germany’s Eurofighter EF2000 from TLG 74 exemplified Teutonic precision.
Spain’s Northrop SF-5M Freedom Fighter from Ala 23 offered a nostalgic nod to aviation’s past, its retro silhouette a crowd favourite. Finland’s BAe Hawk Mk.66 from the Midnight Hawks lent elegance to the lineup, while Belgium’s Lockheed Martin F-16BM from Eskadrille 727 and Greece’s F-16C from 336 Mira showcased the Viper’s enduring versatility. The U.S. Air Force’s Lockheed Martin F-16C from the 480th Fighter Squadron joined the fray, alongside Turkey’s F-16C from SoloTürk and Romania’s F-16AM from Escadrila 53, each adding to the formidable F-16 contingent. Capping the formation was a NATO Boeing E-3A Sentry, its distinctive radar dome a symbol of the alliance’s watchful eye. Together, this aerial armada painted a powerful picture of solidarity, resonating deeply with the audience.
Saturday brought another milestone celebration, this time honouring the 50th anniversary of the Hawk aircraft. Led by the Red Arrows’ Sqn Ldr Jon Bond, a formation of five Hawks took flight, representing a rare convergence of air forces. Alongside the Red Arrows’ Hawk T1 were aircraft from the Saudi Hawks with the Hawk Mk.65, the Finnish Air Force with the Hawk Mk.66, the Qatari Air Force with the Hawk Mk.167 and RAF with the Hawk T2, their diverse liveries creating a striking visual tapestry. This unique flypast was a heartfelt homage to the Hawk’s five decades of service, a moment of unity that underscored its global impact.
Among the weekend’s many highlights, certain displays stood out for their rarity or brilliance. The U.S. Air Force’s Lockheed U-2 from the 99th Expeditionary Reconnaissance Squadron delivered a spellbinding performance on Friday. Early arrivals caught a mission-equipped U-2 launching into the sky, its dorsal pod a rare sight at a public event. Later, a second U-2 took to the air, performing circuits around Fairford with low approaches assisted by a chase car, its distinctive whine echoing across the field. The day concluded with the mission aircraft’s return, making RIAT 2024 potentially the only airshow to feature two U-2s in flight—a thrilling footnote to an already memorable day.
The German Army’s NH90 TTH from TrspHubschrRgt 10 offered a compelling Friday-only display, though technical issues grounded it for the weekend. Its brief appearance showcased the helicopter’s agility, a shamefully short-lived treat as it was the sole international helicopter act of the show.
International display teams brought a kaleidoscope of colour and skill to the proceedings. The Royal Jordanian Falcons returned with four Extra 330LX aircraft, their graceful aerobatics a soothing counterpoint to the jets’ raw power. Norway’s Yellow Sparrows made their RIAT debut, their six Saab MFI-15 Safaris flying from the Arctic Circle to Fairford over 20 hours. Clad in vivid canary yellow, they performed elegant formation flypasts that popped against the sky, a non-aerobatic delight that charmed the crowd.
The Saudi Hawks, piloting seven BAE System Hawk Mk.65s, weaving intricate patterns of white, green, and red smoke, crafting their national symbol aloft. This marked their final RIAT appearance with the Mk.65, as they prepare to transition to the advanced Mk.165, a shift that promises even greater spectacles in years to come. Finland’s Midnight Hawks flew four BAe Hawk Mk.66s, ex-Swiss Air Force jets that traded smokeswinders for rarity, their red, silver, and white livery a nod to 1980s RAF trainers. A solo Hawk display each day added further depth to their contribution.
Switzerland’s Patrouille Suisse, marking their 60th anniversary, flew six Northrop F-5E Tiger IIs with trademark precision. Their red-and-white jets dazzled, and a Sunday flypast alongside the Red Arrows—also celebrating 60 years—earned them the King Hussein Memorial Sword for the most polished and precise display of the weekend.
The solo performances were no less captivating, each pilot pushing their aircraft to the limit. Slovenia’s Pilatus PC-9M Hudournik from 152 Letalska Eskadrilja delivered a masterclass in precision aerobatics, its tight manoeuvres a testament to the pilot’s skill. Spain’s McDonnell Douglas EAV-8B Harrier II from 9 Escuadrilla, flown by Lt Cdr Andres Medina Gonzalez Del Tanago, evoked nostalgia with high-speed passes and a hovering finale that won The RAFCTE Trophy for the best overseas demonstration, a nod to the Harrier’s enduring appeal.
Sweden’s SAAB JAS-39C Gripen from F21 Luleå and its Czech counterpart from 211 Tacticka Letka tore through the skies with dynamic displays, their power unmistakable. Turkey’s SoloTürk Lockheed Martin F-16C, resplendent in black, grey, and gold, returned after years away, its bold moves paired with spirited commentary that energized the crowd.
Denmark’s Lockheed Martin F-16AM from Eskadrille 727 faced adversity but triumphed. After a nosewheel steering failure sidelined Friday’s display jet, a replacement Block 10 F-16AM—among the oldest still flying—arrived Saturday morning and was ready by the afternoon. Captain Troels ‘TEO’ Vang’s persistence earned an honourable mention at the awards, a well-deserved recognition of Danish resilience.
Germany’s Eurofighter EF2000 from TLG 74, flown by ‘Noble,’ made its UK solo debut, with Friday’s performance featuring the tiger-striped Cyborg Tiger from NATO’s Tiger Meet. The Luftwaffe’s Airbus A400M from LTG 62 offered a simplified routine due to crew constraints, yet its sheer size impressed during flypasts.
Italy’s Reparto Sperimentale di Volo brought three aircraft to the fray. The Leonardo T-346A Master showcased advanced training prowess, the Eurofighter F-2000A Typhoon pushed fighter limits, and the Leonardo C-27J Spartan dazzled with loops, rolls, and a half Cuban, clinching the Sir Douglas Bader Trophy for the best individual display.
Boeing’s F-15QA Ababil, flown by test pilots, debuted in Europe with two configurations—clean and loaded with 12 AMRAAM missiles. The moist air amplified the drama with condensation trails, earning the Friends of RIAT award for its breathtaking execution. Finally, the Royal Canadian Air Force’s CF-188A Hornet from 425 Tactical Fighter Squadron, piloted by Capt Caleb ‘Tango’ Rober, delivered a punchy display set to a centenary medley. Flypasts with the Red Arrows and The Fighter Collection’s RCAF-veteran Spitfire Vb added heritage to the mix, securing the Paul Bowen Trophy.
Cancelled Aircraft
Despite the grandeur of RIAT 2024, some aircraft didn’t make it to the event, leaving notable gaps in the lineup from various air forces and private collections. These cancellations arose due to a mix of operational challenges, maintenance issues, and tragic incidents that affected participation. While the absences were felt, the event’s spirit remained strong, showcasing aviation’s enduring appeal.
Among the missing aircraft were Draken Europe’s Aero Vodochody L-159E Honey Badger, a standout tactical jet that couldn’t attend. The RAF also saw cancellations with the Airbus Helicopters Puma HC.2 from 28 Squadron and the Boeing Poseidon MRA.1 from 201 Squadron, both sidelined for undisclosed reasons. Similarly, Denmark’s Bombardier CL-604 Challenger from Eskadrille 721 and a private de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk were absent, disappointing fans of both modern and vintage aviation.
The Battle of Britain Memorial Flight suffered significant absences, with two Hawker Hurricanes, two Supermarine Spitfires, and the Avro Lancaster unable to participate—the Merlin-powered fighters were grounded following a crash earlier in the year, and the Lancaster was undergoing maintenance. Bristow Helicopters’ Leonardo AW139 and AW189 didn’t make it, nor did Lithuania’s Leonardo C-27J Spartan from Transporto Eskadrilé or the Army’s Leonardo Wildcat AH.1 from 1 Regiment. The Polish Air Force faced a broader setback after a fatal M-346 Demo Team crash in Poland resulting in the Polish Air Force cancelling all airshow participation that year, leading to the cancellation of their Lockheed Martin F-16C of the Tiger Demo Team and F-16D from 6 Eskadra Lotnicza and the Lockheed C-130H Hercules from 14 Eskadra Lotnicza.
Rounding out the list, Portugal’s two Lockheed Martin F-16AMs from Esquadra 201 and the U.S. Air Force’s two Lockheed Martin F-16Cs from the 93rd Fighter Squadron were no-shows, alongside Hungary’s SAAB JAS-39C Gripen from the 59th Tactical Wing. Bristow’s Sikorsky S-92A and a private Soko Kraguj also failed to appear, completing the roster of cancellations. These absences spanned a diverse range of aircraft, from cutting-edge fighters to utility helicopters and rare classics.
When you stepped into the Royal International Air Tattoo (RIAT) 2024, you entered a world where aviation history and innovation danced together in the skies. This year’s event was a whirlwind of breathtaking moments, international flair, and seamless organization that left you marveling at the spectacle unfolding before your eyes. Here’s how it all came together, moment by unforgettable moment.
The event kicked off with a roar as the F-15QA Ababil sliced through the air, its stunning display of precision and power setting the tone for the weekend. You couldn’t take your eyes off this marvel of modern engineering, a testament to where military aviation stands today—a perfect blend of strength and agility that had the crowd buzzing with excitement.
Amid the thrills, there were poignant farewells that tugged at your heartstrings. The Dutch F-16s, with their sleek lines and storied past, made their final RIAT appearance, bowing out alongside the US McDonnell Douglas KC-10A Extender. Watching these icons take to the sky one last time, you felt the weight of their legacy and the quiet shift toward new chapters in aviation history.
Friday brought a moment you’ll never forget—the Lockheed U-2S soaring above the crowds. This elusive high-flyer, rarely seen in such a public spotlight, gave you a thrill as it performed with grace. The day’s magic peaked when a mission-ready U-2 touched down later, offering a fleeting peek into its secretive world. You stood there, captivated, knowing you’d witnessed something extraordinary.
The international spirit of RIAT shone brightly, with Serbia stepping onto the stage for the first time with its Airbus C295MW. Alongside aircraft from 29 nations, this debut added a fresh layer to the event’s rich tapestry. You marveled at how RIAT bridges borders, uniting enthusiasts and aviators in a shared love of flight.
On the ground, the “Viper Line” of F-16s caught your eye—a striking tribute to 50 years since the Fighting Falcon’s first flight. It stirred memories of legendary displays from years gone by, like the Hunter rows at Greenham Common or the sprawling C-130 formations of the ‘90s. You couldn’t help but feel a rush of nostalgia as you traced the F-16’s journey through time.
The Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) brought its own brilliance, marking 100 years with displays that radiated pride and precision. You watched in awe as they honored a century of service, their contribution a vibrant thread in RIAT’s global fabric. It was a salute to history and a promise of more to come, leaving you inspired by their transatlantic flair.
Behind the scenes, the event ran like a well-oiled machine. You breezed through the gates thanks to slicker entry systems, a noticeable upgrade that made your day flow effortlessly. The only hiccup? The blue car parks at departure time felt chaotic—cars and pedestrians clashing without enough stewards to guide the way. A small tweak, you thought, could make it flawless next time.
As the engines quieted and you headed home, RIAT 2024 lingered in your mind—not just as a showcase of aircraft, but as a milestone in the story of military flight. From the F-15QA’s modern might to the U-2’s rare grace, from farewells to firsts, it was a weekend that captured the essence of aviation’s journey. You left with a deeper appreciation for the skies and the machines—and people—that rule them.
